参考原文:listView中多个listItem布局时,convertView缓存及使用
在android开发中Listview是一个很重要的组件,它以列表的形式根据数据的长自适应展示具体内容。
用户可以自由的定义listview每一列的布局,但当listview有大量的数据需要加载的时候,会占据大量内存,影响性能,这时候就需要按需填充并重新使用view来减少对象的创建。
ListView加载数据都是在
public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) { 。。。。。。 }
方法中进行的(要自定义listview都需要重写listadapter:如 BaseAdapter,SimpleAdapter,CursorAdapter的等的getvView方法),
优化listview的加载速度就要让 convertView匹配列表类型,并最大程度上的重新使用convertView。
其中,getview的加载方法一般有以下三种加载方式:
1、最慢的加载方式是每一次都重新定义一个View载入布局,再加载数据
public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) { View item = mInflater.inflate(R.layout.list_item_icon_text, null); ((TextView) item.findViewById(R.id.text)).setText(DATA[position]); ((ImageView) item.findViewById(R.id.icon)).setImageBitmap((position & 1) == 1 ? mIcon1 : mIcon2); return item; }
2、正确的加载方式是当convertView不为空的时候直接重新使用convertView从而减少了很多不必要的View的创建,然后加载数据
public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) { if (convertView == null) { convertView = mInflater.inflate(R.layout.item, parent, false); } ((TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.text)).setText(DATA[position]); ((ImageView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.icon)).setImageBitmap((position & 1) == 1 ? mIcon1 : mIcon2); return convertView; }
3、最快的方式是定义一个ViewHolder,将convetView的tag设置为ViewHolder,不为空时重新使用即可
static class ViewHolder { TextView text; ImageView icon; } public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) { ViewHolder holder; if (convertView == null) { convertView = mInflater.inflate(R.layout.list_item_icon_text,parent, false); holder = new ViewHolder(); holder.text = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.text); holder.icon = (ImageView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.icon); convertView.setTag(holder); } else { holder = (ViewHolder) convertView.getTag(); } holder.text.setText(DATA[position]); holder.icon.setImageBitmap((position & 1) == 1 ? mIcon1 :mIcon2); return convertView; }
三种方式加载效率对比如下图所示:
说明:上述三个例子代码摘自google 2010 I/O大会
当处理一些耗时的资源加载的时候需要做到以下几点,以使你的加载更快更平滑:
1. 适配器在界面主线程中进行修改
2. 可以在任何地方获取数据但应该在另外一个地方请求数据
3. 在主界面的线程中提交适配器的变化并调用notifyDataSetChanged()方法
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那么如果存在多个item样式如何处理呢??
大致思路就是创建多个viewholder,在getViewType的时候设置不同位置的item用不同的viewholder,
以下直接上代码:
class MyAdapter extends BaseAdapter{ Context mContext; LinearLayout linearLayout = null; LayoutInflater inflater; TextView tex; final int VIEW_TYPE = 3; final int TYPE_1 = 0; final int TYPE_2 = 1; final int TYPE_3 = 2; //各个布局的控件资源 class viewHolder1{ CheckBox checkBox; TextView textView; } class viewHolder2{ TextView textView; } class viewHolder3{ ImageView imageView; TextView textView; } public MyAdapter(Context context) { // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub mContext = context; inflater = LayoutInflater.from(mContext); } @Override public int getCount() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub return listString.size(); } //每个convert view都会调用此方法,获得当前所需要的view样式 @Override public int getItemViewType(int position) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub int p = position%6; if(p == 0) return TYPE_1; else if(p < 3) return TYPE_2; else if(p < 6) return TYPE_3; else return TYPE_1; } //返回样式的数量 @Override public int getViewTypeCount() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub return 3; } @Override public Object getItem(int arg0) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub return listString.get(arg0); } @Override public long getItemId(int position) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub return position; } @Override public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub viewHolder1 holder1 = null; viewHolder2 holder2 = null; viewHolder3 holder3 = null; int type = getItemViewType(position); //无convertView,需要new出各个控件 if(convertView == null) { Log.e("convertView = ", " NULL"); //按当前所需的样式,确定new的布局 switch(type) { case TYPE_1: convertView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.listitem1, parent, false); holder1 = new viewHolder1(); holder1.textView = (TextView)convertView.findViewById(R.id.textview1); holder1.checkBox = (CheckBox)convertView.findViewById(R.id.checkbox); Log.e("convertView = ", "NULL TYPE_1"); convertView.setTag(holder1); break; case TYPE_2: convertView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.listitem2, parent, false); holder2 = new viewHolder2(); holder2.textView = (TextView)convertView.findViewById(R.id.textview2); Log.e("convertView = ", "NULL TYPE_2"); convertView.setTag(holder2); break; case TYPE_3: convertView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.listitem3, parent, false); holder3 = new viewHolder3(); holder3.textView = (TextView)convertView.findViewById(R.id.textview3); holder3.imageView = (ImageView)convertView.findViewById(R.id.imageview); Log.e("convertView = ", "NULL TYPE_3"); convertView.setTag(holder3); break; } } else { //有convertView,按样式,取得不用的布局 switch(type) { case TYPE_1: holder1 = (viewHolder1) convertView.getTag(); Log.e("convertView !!!!!!= ", "NULL TYPE_1"); break; case TYPE_2: holder2 = (viewHolder2) convertView.getTag(); Log.e("convertView !!!!!!= ", "NULL TYPE_2"); break; case TYPE_3: holder3 = (viewHolder3) convertView.getTag(); Log.e("convertView !!!!!!= ", "NULL TYPE_3"); break; } } //设置资源 switch(type) { case TYPE_1: holder1.textView.setText(Integer.toString(position)); holder1.checkBox.setChecked(true); break; case TYPE_2: holder2.textView.setText(Integer.toString(position)); break; case TYPE_3: holder3.textView.setText(Integer.toString(position)); holder3.imageView.setBackgroundResource(R.drawable.icon); break; } return convertView; } }
作者:Fion_安